LO3 notes

steppes: vast semiarid grasslands or plains 

The Narmer Palette: this Palette was used got grinding makeup for the divine images in an Upper Egyptian temple about 3100 BC. 

Map 1.3 Ancient Egypt: Egyptian civilization grew up in a thin strip of fertile land where the Nile crosses the North African desert, and in the boarder region of the river's delta

The Nile and the "Two lands"

pharaohs: the rulers of ancient Egypt

Government by a God-King 

Tending the "cattle of God" 

"Hail to thee, O Nile, that issues from the earth and comes to keep Egypt alive! Hidden in his form of appearance, a darkness by day, to whom minstrels have sung. He that waters the meadows which Re created, in order to keep every kid alive. He that makes to drink the desert and the place distant from water: that is his dew coming down (from) heaven 

Men and women under the Pharaohs:

• the women who were closest to the Pharaoh, the king's mother and the king's Principal wife, also had a touch of divinity for it was a god who made them pregnant and a god to whom they gave birth. 

Caption: the great sphinx: this famous monument, carved out of solid rock in the royal burial area at Giza, expresses the Egyptian belief in the Pharaoh as god-king.

gods, humans, and everlasting life

• many Egyptian deities, tracing to the stone age, were originally conceived in the form of animals; during historic times, the divine images often had animal heads and bodies  

pyramid: a massive structure with sloping sides that met at an apex, used as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt 

pyramids and temples

• the most spectacular Egyptian technical feats, however, were in the field of building 

caption: king menkaure and his queen: the queen has her arm protectively around her husband, that is a typical Egyptian pose in statues of married couples that testifies to the status and power of upper-class women 

the rhythm of Egypt's history: to hold the Egyptian state together for many centuries on end was no easy matter 

quote: "I crushed a million countries by myself": a scene from the battle of Qadesh in Syria