The Greeks

Aspasia- 

• had an influence on government 
• got together with Pericles 
• might have written speeches for Pericles

odysseus-

• many adventures trying to get back to his wife from the trojan war

agora

• central meeting place

olympics

• sporting events

arete

• meaning excellence

homer 

• composed many books including "the Iliad" and "the odyssey"

dorians

• less advanced people
• writings disappeared for 400 years and the economy collapsed

edipus

• was a character in a play and had to marry his mother and kill his father
• stabbed his eyes out

darius

• commanded the first persian invasion of greece which ended the defeat in the marathon

isagoris

• last of the dictators to run greece
• mean; bad guy 
• son was charged for rape

oricals

• flights of birds
• read insides of animals 

trireme

• big boat used to ram into other boats
• 
  

Isagoris 

• last of the dictators to run Greece 
• mean; a bad guy, corrupt 
• had a son who was charged for rape
• for three days, the Athenians threw him out

Cleisthenes

• an aristocrat 
• was told he should rule Athens
• a smart guy
• decided to take over
• was the reason for the inventions of democracy
• shared power with everyone 
• was ostracized by his people 
• got to big for his britches 
• wanted to build up military 

xerxes:

• sat on a thrown and watched his army be defeated by persians in salamis

xerxes and darius:

• natural enemies 
• Greeks and Persians had different completions
• Persians could have made a big empire but couldn't because of Greece
• Darius wanted to take over the Mediterranean
• two groups 
• one fighting to fit in
• one for existence

Pheidippides 

• ran 26 miles
• ran to another Greek city-state for help
• ran to Sparta to warn them but dies

Salamis

• "straight"- water way
• tried to lure ships (Persians) into the straights to attack and trap them 
• a man comes in and pretends to be a trader and tricks Persians to go into straights where Greeks attacked 
• Persians won and destroyed the Greeks 

Pericles 

•  made a bad decision 
• hubris: meaning: so arrogant you can't go wrong, making decisions based on yourself 
• hated Sparta and wanted to attack 
• everything went wrong
• built a wall around Athens 
• wanted to surround Sparta with Athens Navy 
• Sparta took out Athens 
• Athenians hid behind wall
• ships who were bringing supplies brought people with the plague into Athens 
• Pericles got plague and died 
• Persia and Sparta got together and took out Athens 

Oricals 

- flights of birds

- read the insides of an animal 

mycenaeans 

• first people to speak greek

barbarian

• meaning non greek
• came from the word "barbaros"

megalithic structure

• massive rough cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs

tribe

• social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together

tribes governed by:

• warrior kings and queens
• chieftains
• tribal leaders

greeks

• the first european barbarians to make contact with civilization 

major crops the aegean people subsisted from:

• grain 
• vines
• olives

besides farming, what else did the people of the aegean engage in?

• shipbuilding, piracy, metalworking, and lumberjacking

when did the mycenaean civilization develop?

• no later than 1600 bc

the society mycenaeans are closely linked to:

• minoans

what brought the mycenaean civilization to an end?

• we dont know

a new city-state settled in oversea territory 

• colony

how many letters were in the Greek alphabet?

• 30

three great civilizations of the ancient world by 500 BC

• mesopotamia, egypt and the greeks

fortified location of the parthenon; high fortified citadel

• acropolis

a unit of several hundred hoplites who close ranks by joining shields

• phalanx

a state governed by a single hereditary ruler 

• monarchy

a state governed by a small group

• oligarchy

conquered peoples of Locania and Messenia that served as slaves to sparta

• helots