- he provides them with food weapons and treasure
- Romans languages: French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian
- Franks---> French
- in 496 Clovis had a battlefield conversion and his warriors became Christians
- New roots:
- customs of various germanic tribes
- population shifts to rural areas
- 511 franks were united into one kingdom
- in 520 Benedict writes rules for monks:
- vows of poverty- live in monasteries
- chastity- no martial relations
- obedience- make copies of the bible
- Benedict's sister Scholastica writes similar rules for the nuns
- secular - Worldly power
- church revenues are used to help the poor, build roads and raise armies
- this is a theocracy
- Christendom
- extends from Italy to England Spain to Germany
- a kingdom of Christians
- most of the rest of Europe consists of smaller kingdoms (SEVEN IN ENGLAND)
- Charles the hammer defeats Muslims raiding party from Spain at the battle of tours in 732
- Charles Martel (charles the hammer) had a son named Pepin the Short
- Pepin the shorts son, Charlemagne, meaning Charles the Great
CHARLEMAGNE
- built the greatest empire
- 6 foot four
- fought Germanic tribes
- spread Christianity
- reunited western Europe
- most powerful king in western Europe
- fought muslims in SPAIN
- Pope Leo III crowned him emperor in 800 AD after he defended him form a roman mob
- just like JULIUS CAESAR
- visited every part of his kingdom
- kept close watch on his huge estates
- encourages learning
- had three sons
- Lothair
- charles the bald
- louis the german
- the sons split up the kingdom at the treaty of Verdun in AD 843
- his heirs were weak and ineffective
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